验电器和静电计是高中电学中的重要实验器材,它们外形相似,但在原理和用途上有差别.本文就对两种装置的原理加以分析,帮助同学们认识.验电器的作用是检验物体是否带点,原理是同种电荷相互排斥,当小球带电时,验电器的金属箔片带同种电荷,相互排斥,所带电荷量越多,斥力也就越大,金属箔片之间的夹角也就越大. Electroscope and electroscope is an important high school experiment equipment, they are similar in appearance, but there are differences in principle and purpose.This article analyzes the principle of the two devices to help students recognize.The role of electroscope is to test the object Whether the point, the principle is the same kind of charge mutually exclusive, when the ball is charged, electroscope metal foil with the same charge, mutual exclusion, with more charge, the greater the repulsion, between the metal foil The larger the angle is.