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大型天线支撑结构的合理设计对满足系统刚强度、轴系精度具有十分重要的意义。基于变密度法的拓扑优化方法根据约束条件和目标函数确定结构内材料最优分布,是合理进行支撑结构内部加强筋设计的一种行之有效方法。推导了以位移为约束,结构质量为优化目标变密度拓扑优化模型;针对某大型天线系统的支撑结构原设计方案中质量较大、结构内加强筋设计不合理出现局部应力集中等问题,设计该结构的三维拓扑优化域,运用该模型以天线系统允许的最小变形为约束条件,以质量最轻为目标进行三维支撑结构的拓扑优化设计,结合载荷传递路径,提出大型天线系统支撑结构内部加强筋设计方案,并采用尺寸优化方法对支撑结构外表面的上支架、底座等位置的板筋厚度进行优化,确定了支撑结构的最终优化方案。经验证,该结构在原方案的基础上减重12.5%,且有效地改善了力传递特性,消除了应力集中现象。
The reasonable design of large-scale antenna support structure is of great significance to meet the system rigidity and shafting accuracy. Topology Optimization Based on Variable Density Method Determining the optimal distribution of material in the structure according to the constraints and the objective function is an effective way to rationally design the stiffener inside the support structure. The topology optimization model with variable displacement as the constraint and structural mass as the optimization target is deduced. For the design of a large-scale antenna system, the mass of the support structure is rather high, and the local stress concentration is not reasonable in the design of the stiffener in the structure. Structure of the three-dimensional topology optimization domain, the use of the model to allow the minimum deformation of the antenna system constraints, the lightest mass as the goal of three-dimensional support structure topology optimization design, combined with the load transfer path, proposed large antenna system support structure within the stiffener The optimal plan of the supporting structure is determined by the optimization of the design method and the thickness of the slab at the upper support and the base of the supporting structure on the outer surface of the supporting structure is optimized. It has been verified that the structure is 12.5% less weight on the basis of the original scheme and effectively improves the force transmission characteristics and eliminates the stress concentration.