我国民营上市公司多为所有权少数控制性结构,在控制方式上大多采用“金字塔”型的控制模式。所有权少数控制结构使得最终控制人对外部股东的侵害行为具有溢出效应,导致控股股东与中小股东之间产生的代理问题。优化股权结构及完善公司治理是提高民营上市公司经营绩效,促进证券市场健康发展的重要措施。本文从分析民营上市公司的所有权结构和控制方式对公司治理的影响入手,就如何优化股权结构,完善公司治理进行研究并提出相应对策。 Most of the private listed companies in our country are minority controlled structures in ownership. Most of them adopt the control mode of “pyramid”. The minority control structure of ownership makes the ultimate controller have an overflow effect on the violation of the external shareholders, resulting in the agency problem between the controlling shareholder and the minority shareholders. Optimizing the ownership structure and improving corporate governance are important measures to improve the operating performance of private listed companies and promote the healthy development of the securities market. This article starts with the analysis of the influence of ownership structure and control of private listed companies on corporate governance, and studies how to optimize ownership structure and improve corporate governance and put forward corresponding countermeasures.