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目的 了解宁波市实施乙型肝炎疫苗 (乙肝疫苗 )计划免疫 7年后 ,儿童乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染及免疫状况。方法 采用整群分层抽样法调查 1982～ 1995年出生儿童血清HBsAg和抗 HBs阳性率 (RIA法 )。结果 ① 1992～ 1995年出生的免疫人群HBsAg阳性率为2 .6 6 % ,比未免疫人群 (10 .95 % )下降了 75 .71% (χ2 =2 2 .91,P <0 .0 0 0 1) ;②免疫人群抗 HBs阳性率达 6 5 .95 % ,显著高于未免疫人群的 41.0 3% (χ2 =113.6 7,P <0 .0 0 0 1) ;③在计划免疫后的第 5～ 7年起显现了免疫人群HBsAg阳性率升高和抗 HBs阳性率下降的迹象。结论 宁波市实施乙肝疫苗计划免疫 7年后 ,儿童对HBV已呈现出高免疫、低感染的特征 ;但需进一步研究计划免疫 4～ 5年后 ,免疫人群HBsAg阳性率升高、抗 HBs阳性率下降的现象和乙肝疫苗加强免疫的适时问题
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and immune status in children 7 years after the implementation of hepatitis B vaccine (hepatitis B vaccine) program in Ningbo. Methods Serum HBsAg and anti-HBs positive rate (RIA method) were detected by stratified cluster sampling method from 1982 to 1995. Results ① The positive rate of HBsAg in immunized population born from 1992 to 1995 was 2.666%, which was 75.71% lower than that of the non-immunized population (10.95%) (χ2 = 2.29, P0.01 0 1). ② The positive rate of anti-HBs in immunized groups was 65.95%, significantly higher than that in non-immunized groups (41.0 3%, χ2 = 113.67, P0.01) From the 5th to the 7th year, the signs of the increase of the HBsAg positive rate and the decrease of the anti-HBs positive rate in the immunized population appeared. Conclusion Children in Hepatitis B have been characterized by high immunization and low infection after 7 years of immunization with hepatitis B vaccine in Ningbo City. However, after 4 to 5 years of planned immunization, the positive rate of HBsAg in immunized population and the positive rate of anti-HBs Declining phenomenon and hepatitis B vaccine to enhance timely immunization issues