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以湘早籼24、湘早籼143和自选1号3个早籼品种为研究对象,早、中、晚3季栽培,通过分析抽穗后单株主穗籽粒干物质积累量、籽粒颖壳和子房的叶绿素与类胡萝卜素的动态变化,探讨稻米色素形成的规律,确定籽粒灌浆、稻米色素沉积、米质形成的最佳切合时期和保健色米的收获适期。结果表明,水稻灌浆期籽粒的干重随着灌浆的进行呈逐渐上升趋势,早季栽培的水稻籽粒干重的增加速率快,灌浆时间短;而晚季栽培的水稻籽粒干重的增加速率较缓,灌浆时间长,成熟后籽粒干重比早季栽培的重。收获期对色素的影响最大,水稻籽粒子房色素含量的变化趋势与颖壳色素含量的变化趋势相同,且延后于颖壳色素含量的变化。研究表明保健色稻收获适期早、中、晚季稻分别在抽穗后25、20和25d。
In this study, three early indica rice varieties, Xiangzaoshien 24, Xiangzaoxian 143 and Zianyuan 1, were cultivated in early, middle and late three seasons. The dry matter accumulation of main ear spikes after heading, grain glume shell and ovary The dynamic changes of chlorophyll and carotenoid in rice were studied to investigate the regularity of rice pigment formation and to determine the optimal combination period of grain filling, rice pigment deposition and rice quality and the suitable harvest period of health color rice. The results showed that the dry weight of rice grains at grain filling stage increased gradually with the grain filling rate. The dry weight of rice cultivated in early season increased rapidly and the grouting time was short. However, the increase rate of dry weight of rice grain cultivated in late season was higher Slow, filling a long time, dry kernel weight after maturing than the early cultivation. Pigment had the greatest effect on harvest time. The trend of pigment content in the ovary of rice seedlings was the same as that of the pigment content in the ginkgo, and was delayed in the pigment content change. Studies have shown that the health of color rice harvest early, middle and late rice were 25, 25 and 25 days after heading.