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以昆明烟区几种典型土壤类型为研究对象,运用相关性分析法探讨了不同土壤类型剖面理化性状和真菌、细菌、放线菌数量与耕作深度的关系。结果表明,紫色土、水稻土和红壤的有机质、速效氮、速效钾和真菌、细菌及放线菌数量与剖面深度呈极显著负相关关系,水稻土的交换性钙和交换性镁含量均与剖面深度呈极显著负相关关系,而紫色土和红壤呈负相关关系;三种土壤类型剖面的各养分含量及真菌、细菌、放线菌数量具有较强的表聚性特征,自上而下存在明显的递减性;从养分含量及微生物数量的递减幅度来看,紫色土耕作深度以20 cm左右为宜,红壤和水稻土耕作深度以20~30 cm为宜。生产中,若耕作深度大于30 cm,3种土壤的养分均存在下降的风险。因此,针对深耕地块,建议合理提高施肥水平。
Taking several typical soil types in Kunming tobacco growing area as the research object, the correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the physical and chemical properties and the quantity of fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes in different soil types. The results showed that the amounts of organic matter, available nitrogen, available potassium and fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes in purple soil, paddy soil and red soil were significantly and negatively correlated with the profile depth. The exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium contents in paddy soil were There was a significant negative correlation between the depth of profile and the purple soil and red soil. The contents of nutrients, fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes in the three soil profiles had strong features of surface aggregation. From top to bottom, There is obvious descending; from the decreasing range of nutrient content and microbial quantity, the depth of purple soil cultivation is about 20 cm, and the depth of red soil and paddy soil cultivation is 20-30 cm. In the production, if the tillage depth is greater than 30 cm, the nutrients of the three kinds of soil all have the risk of declining. Therefore, for deep plowing plots, it is advisable to raise fertilization levels reasonably.