“喀斯特”又称为“岩溶”，是地球上的一种地貌形态和地质现象。喀斯特一词原来是南斯拉夫西北部伊斯的里亚半岛的石灰岩高原的地名，当地人称为kras，德语叫karst，为石头之意。18世纪初，欧洲人使用了德语karst一词。19世纪末，南斯拉夫学者司威依奇首先对喀斯特高地进行了研究，他借用“喀斯特”一词作为石灰岩地区的一系列溶蚀作用过程和产物的名称，现已成为世界各国的专门术语。 喀斯特地区地表形态多样，地下洞穴丰富，形成许多著名的自然景 Karst, also known as Karst, is a geomorphological and geological phenomenon on the earth. The term karst originally used to be the name of the limestone plateau of the Idrisian Peninsula in north-western Yugoslavia. The locals call it kras, and the German name is karst, meaning stone. In the early 18th century, Europeans used the German word karst. At the end of the 19th century, the Yugoslav scholar Swiecich first studied the karst highland. He borrowed the word “karst” as the name of a series of dissolution processes and products in the limestone region. It has now become a technical term for all countries in the world. The karst area has a variety of surface forms and rich underground caves, forming many famous natural scenes.