目的:通过检测和分析输血前患者血小板抗体,以指导临床用血,血小板抗体疾病的诊治和无偿献血献血者筛查。方法:采用固相红细胞黏附试验和分析14 515例输血前患者的血小板抗体。结果:输血前患者血小板抗体总阳性率为7.75%(1125/14 515);有输血史的患者血小板抗体阳性率为13.65%(349/2 556),无输血史的患者血小板抗体阳性率2.39%(286/11 959),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);有妊娠史妇女(≥3次)的血小板抗体阳性率16.33%(104/637),无妊娠史女性血小板抗体阳性率9.15%(692/7 560),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:检测输血前患者血小板抗体有利于患者的输血安全,节约血液资源,有利于血小板抗体疾病的诊治,并对无偿献血有指导意义。 Objective: To detect and analyze the blood platelet antibodies in patients before transfusion to guide the clinical use of blood, the diagnosis and treatment of platelet antibody and the blood donors’ blood donation screening. METHODS: Solid-phase erythrocyte adhesion assay was used to analyze platelet antibodies in 14 515 patients before transfusion. Results: The positive rate of platelet antibody before transfusion was 7.75% (1125/14 515). The positive rate of platelet antibody in patients with transfusion history was 13.65% (349/2 556). The positive rate of platelet antibody in patients without transfusion was 2.39% (286/11 959), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The positive rate of platelet antibodies in pregnant women (≥3 times) was 16.33% (104/637). The positive rate of platelet antibodies Rate of 9.15% (692/7 560), the difference between the two was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: Detecting platelet antibodies in patients before transfusion is beneficial to the safety of blood transfusion, saving blood resources, facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of platelet antibodies, and guiding blood donation.