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甲硝唑(商品名灭滴灵)系硝基咪唑类化合物。近十年来,由于发现了甲硝唑具有广谱抗厌氧菌作用而受到广泛重视。笔者仅就甲硝唑临床应用研究进展综述如下:抗菌谱甲硝唑对原虫(阴道毛滴虫、兰氏贾第鞭毛虫、溶组织阿米巴、结肠小袋虫)有强大杀灭作用。体外实验:甲硝唑1～2μg/ml24小时可全部杀死溶组织阿米巴滋养体;25μg/ml24小时可杀死99%阴道滴虫。甲硝唑对专性厌氧菌具有强大的杀灭作用。在厌氧菌中,有芽胞的破伤风杆菌、肉毒杆菌、产气荚膜杆菌可存在于体外。无芽胞的厌氧菌如放射菌属、双岐杆菌属、真杆菌属、丙酸杆菌属是人体内的正常菌群,如
Metronidazole (trade name metronidazole) is a nitroimidazole compound. In the recent ten years, due to the discovery of metronidazole with broad-spectrum anti-anaerobic effect and widespread attention. The author summarizes the progress of clinical application of metronidazole are as follows: Antibacterial spectrum of metronidazole on protozoa (Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia lamblia, dissolved histolyticamy, colon sphincter) has a strong killing effect. In vitro experiments: metronidazole 1 ~ 2μg / ml 24 hours to kill all dissolved amebic tissue trophozoites; 25μg / ml 24 hours to kill 99% of vaginal trichomoniasis. Metronidazole has a strong killing effect on obligate anaerobes. In anaerobic bacteria, there are spores of Clostridium tetani, Botox, Clostridium perfringens can exist in vitro. Non-spore-forming anaerobes such as radiobacter, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Propionibacterium is a normal flora in the human body, such as