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五、天麻与伪品的鉴别本品为兰科植物天麻的干燥块茎.为常用中药,始载于《神农本草经》。因其茎色赤,直立似箭杆,故名“赤箭”。天麻之名,首见于《开宝本草》,素有“明天麻”之称。有平肝熄风、祛风定惊作用。主产于我国四川、贵州,云南等省,野生或栽培。春冬两季采挖,洗净,蒸透,晒干或烘干。冬至后采挖者,称“冬麻”,质地坚实而重,质佳;立夏后采挖者,称“春麻”,质地轻泡、质差。目前,商品中常有伪品出现,常见的有紫茉莉科植物紫茉莉,菊科植物大丽菊或羊角天麻、茄科植物马铃薯、芭蕉芋科植物芭蕉芋。
V. Identification of Gastrodia and Counterfeit Products This product is a dried tuber of the Lancang plant Gastrodia elata. It is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine and was first introduced in the Shennongboshi Classic. Because of its stem color red, upright like a stick, hence the name “Red arrow.” The name of Tianma is first seen in Kaibao Materia Medica and is known as “Tomorrow Ma”. Pinggan Xifeng, hurricane will start shock effect. Mainly produced in China’s Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces, wild or cultivated. In the spring and winter seasons, excavation, washing, steaming, drying or drying. After the winter solstice, the excavators were called “Dongma” and they were solid and heavy in quality and of good quality. After excavation in the summer, they were called “chunma”, and their texture was light foam and poor quality. At present, there are often counterfeit products appearing in the products. The common plants are Mirabilis japonica, Asteraceae Dalbergia or C. arguta, Solanaceae potato, and Canopy plantain.