罗尔斯深受康德的影响,他曾把自己的理论称为关于正义的一个“康德主义的解释”。但是,他对来自康德的许多概念、方法和思想进行了限制或新的解释。这导致他的理论既有一副与康德相似的面孔,又有许多内在的差别。他们都主张义务论,但康德主张理性义务论,罗尔斯主张契约义务论;他们都使用建构主义方法,但康德建构的是普遍的道德原则,罗尔斯建构的是政治正义原则;两个人都有“理性”设准,但康德认合理性为一元的,罗尔斯认合理性为多元的。 Rawls was deeply influenced by Kant, who once referred to his own theory as a “Kantian explanation” of justice. However, he limited or explained many of the concepts, methods and ideas from Kant. This led to his theory has both a similar face and Kant, there are many internal differences. They all advocated the theory of obligation, but Kant advocated the theory of rational obligation and Rawls advocated the theory of contractual obligation. They all used the method of constructivism. However, Kant built the general moral principle and Rawls constructs the principle of political justice. Two people Have “rational ” set standards, but Kant recognized rationality as a dollar, Rawls recognized rationality as pluralistic.