氮素化肥,特别是铵态的化肥施入土壤后,很大一部分氮素经硝化细菌作用,由铵态氮变为硝态氮,而硝态氮与土壤胶体的亲合力又很弱,往往使作物不能得到充分吸收而大量淋失。因为这种损失首先是由土壤微生物的硝化作用引起,所以五十年代后,许多国家开展了土壤硝化抑制剂的研究,目的在于抑制土壤中硝化细菌活动,提高氮肥利用率,一 Nitrogen fertilizer, especially ammonium fertilizer applied to the soil, a large part of nitrogen by the role of nitrifying bacteria from ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen and soil colloids affinity is very weak, often So that crops can not be fully absorbed and a lot of leaching. Since this loss was first caused by the nitrification of soil microorganisms, many countries started the study of soil nitrification inhibitors in the 1950s, with the aim of inhibiting the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soil and improving the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.