本文介绍了分析内燃机燃烧过程的各种常用光学诊断技术和国外在这一领域的研究动态。着重阐述了双色法,吸收法,激光透导荧光法、喇曼散射法和CARS法等光谱诊断方法,总结了各种方法的特点,为不同目的的燃烧诊断实验的方案选择提供了一个标准。在各种光谱方法中,激光诱导荧光法是一种很有发展前途的燃烧诊断技术。 This article presents various commonly used optical diagnostic techniques for analyzing the combustion process of an internal combustion engine and the research developments in this field in foreign countries. The methods of spectroscopy, such as two-color method, absorption method, laser transmission fluorescence method, Raman scattering method and CARS method are emphatically described. The characteristics of each method are summed up. It provides a standard for the choice of combustion diagnosis experiment for different purposes. Among various spectroscopic methods, laser-induced fluorescence is a promising combustion diagnostic technique.