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吴梅村《圆圆曲》,作于明清易代期间。历来论者,皆以“冲冠一怒为红颜”为讥刺吴三桂,虽然不误,却不免失之皮相。结合明清之际史实读《圆圆曲》,互相参证,诗人创作之幽怀孤抱乃得昭然:盖借圆圆之遭际,抒兴亡之悲恨,于当日民族之劫难作沉痛之反思,表层刺吴讽陈,深层刺清,于崇祯帝自杀弃国之不智,深致惋惜,并责及李自成军之“荒宴”,故不能承担内安外攘之历史责任。诗人的立场是民族的立场,而非仅明朝遗民的立场。
Wu Mei Village “round music”, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Historically, all with “red crown anger as the Yan Yan” ridiculed Wu Sangui, though not wrong, but it is inevitable that the skin. Combining the history of Ming and Qing Dynasties to read “round song”, mutual certification, the poet’s quiet seclusion is clear: cover the interdependence of the circle, expressing grievances and resentment, on the very day the national disaster difficult to make a painful reflection The superficial prickly sarcastic sarcasm and the deep assassination of the Emperor Chong Zhen Emperor committed suicide to abandon the country’s unwise wisdom. They deeply regretted and blamed Li Zicheng’s “waste feast” and can not assume the historical responsibility of internal and external aggression. The poet’s position is the nationalist position, not just the Ming dynasty’s position.