本文概述了：（１）黑素细胞的来源，黑素细胞的数量、形态、分布特点及其与角朊细胞等周围组织和细胞的关系；（２）黑素生物合成的基本过程；（３）酪氨酸酶、黑素合成相关基因、黑素细胞刺激素、细胞因子以及环境因素等对黑素生物合成的调节作用 This article summarizes: (1) the origin of melanocytes, the number, shape and distribution of melanocytes and their relationship with the surrounding tissues and cells such as keratinocytes; (2) the basic process of melanin biosynthesis; (3) ) Tyrosinase, melanin-related genes, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, cytokines and environmental factors on the regulation of melanin biosynthesis