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[目的]比较分析不同分布区文冠果群体的种子含油率和产量变异规律。[方法]以文冠果主要分布区的6个群体为试材,采用核磁共振技术测定种子、种仁、种皮的含油率,分析群体间和群体内种子含油率和产量的变异情况。[结果]4个性状在6个群体间差异显著,群体内单株间无显著差异。含油率和产量的群体间变异都大于群体内变异。种子和种仁含油率平均值最高的是蔚县群体(36.72%、67.20%),种皮含油率平均值最高的是承德群体(12.50%),产量最高的是陕县群体(1 166 g)。文冠果含油率和产量与地理气候因子相关性不明显。聚类分析将6个群体划分为低产高含油率、中产中含油率、高产低含油率3类,可根据育种需要进行群体选择。[结论]文冠果的遗传改良应着重于群体。
[Objective] The research aimed to comparatively analyze the seed oil content and yield variation of different populations. [Method] Six populations of the main distribution area of Wen Guan were used as materials. The oil content of seeds, seed kernels and seed coat were determined by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The variation of oil content and yield of seeds in inter-group and inter-group was analyzed. [Result] There were significant differences between the four traits in the four populations, but there was no significant difference among the four groups. Population variation between oil content and yield was greater than population variation. The average oil content of seeds and kernels was the highest in Yuxian (36.72%, 67.20%), the highest in seed coat oil was in Chengde (12.50%) and the highest in Shanxian (1 166 g) . The correlation between the oil content and yield of Wen Guan and the geographical and climatic factors was insignificant. Cluster analysis divided the six groups into three categories: low yield and high oil content, middle oil content and high yield and low oil content, which could be selected according to breeding needs. [Conclusion] The genetic improvement of Wen Guan Guo should be focused on the population.