目的了解腹腔镜术式、开腹术式直肠癌根治术对患者排尿功能影响的差异性。方法选择2005年12月～2010年12月某科就诊的42例直肠癌患者,单盲抽样把其中28例分为腹腔镜术式组,采取腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术;余者分为开腹术式组,采取开腹直肠癌根治术。结果术后1个月,腹腔镜术组排尿功能障碍发生率(14.3%)比开腹术组(50.0%)显著低(P﹤0.05);术后6个月,腹腔镜术组排尿功能障碍发生率(3.6%)比开腹术组(35.7%)显著低(P﹤0.05)。术后留置尿管时间,腹腔镜术组[(3.5±1.5)d]比开腹术组[(6.5±2.5)d]显著低(P﹤0.05);术后1个月,腹腔镜术组膀胱残留量[(50.3±20.8)ml]比开腹术组[(60.5±18.2)ml]显著低(P﹤0.05)。结论相对于开腹术式,腹腔镜术式视野广、分离及止血精准,对于直肠癌患者排尿功能影响小,术后更利于患者排尿功能的恢复,值得临床中推广应用。 Objective To understand the difference of urinary function in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open radical resection of rectal cancer. Methods Forty-two patients with rectal cancer who underwent treatment in one department from December 2005 to December 2010 were divided into two groups: laparoscopic radical mastectomy group (28 cases) and laparoscopic radical mastectomy group Abdominal surgery group, open rectal cancer radical surgery. Results The incidence of urinary dysfunction (14.3%) in laparoscopic group was significantly lower than that in open group (50.0%) at 1 month after operation (P <0.05). At 6 months after operation, laparoscopic urination dysfunction The incidence (3.6%) was significantly lower than that of the open surgery group (35.7%) (P <0.05). The duration of indwelling catheter was significantly lower in laparoscopic group ([3.5 ± 1.5] d vs [(6.5 ± 2.5) d] in open group (P <0.05). One month after laparoscopic surgery, The residual amount of bladder [(50.3 ± 20.8) ml] was significantly lower than that of the open group (60.5 ± 18.2) ml (P <0.05). Conclusions Compared with laparotomy, laparoscopic wide field of vision, precise separation and hemostasis have little effect on micturition in patients with rectal cancer, and are more conducive to the recovery of urination in patients after operation, which is worth popularizing in clinic.