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三峡水库运行后水位周期性涨落,导致边坡土体在天然条件下长期处于被库水饱和-失水-再饱和的交替过程。分析2005-2009年库区水位变化,以及边坡土体在库水涨落被饱水-失水的次数与时间长度,分时段采集三峡库区库岸石榴树包滑坡堆积土样,分析其化学和矿物成分,观察土体微观结构,探索天然饱水-失水过程中水-岩相互作用对库岸边坡土体的影响和力学效应作用规律。研究结果表明,天然饱水-失水过程对库岸不同高程土体的化学组成和物理结构影响显著,其中172 m高程比168 m高程处受饱水-失水过程的影响较大。饱水-失水作用后,土体中SiO2、Al2O3、Na2O成分的含量上升,CaO、烧失量含量下降,土体的结构由致密的斑块状结构逐渐变成散乱的絮凝状结构,对库岸土体的力学效应产生了巨大的影响。
The cyclic fluctuation of water level after the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir has led to the long-term alternation of the soil-water-saturation-saturation under the natural conditions. Analysis of the water level changes in the reservoir area from 2005 to 2009, and the number and length of time when the water in the slope soil is full of water and water loss, and the accumulated soil samples of the Shiliushubao landslide at the reservoir banks of the Three Gorges Reservoir at different time intervals were analyzed. Chemical and mineral components, observe the microstructure of the soil, and explore the effect of water-rock interaction on the slope bank soil and mechanics effect during natural water-water loss. The results show that the natural water saturation and water loss have a significant influence on the chemical composition and physical structure of the soils at different elevation, of which the 172 m elevation has a greater influence than the 168 m elevation. After saturated water-water loss, the content of SiO2, Al2O3 and Na2O in the soil increased, the content of CaO and loss on ignition decreased, and the structure of soil changed from dense plaque structure to scattered flocculation structure. The mechanics effect of bank soil has a tremendous impact.