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一、概述 金属铌的生产过去主要靠处理铌铁矿和钽铌矿,而今天所需求的铌有95％取自于烧绿石。世界上有三个主要铌精矿（烧绿石）生产厂家,即巴西冶金矿产公司（CBMM）,巴西卡塔拉奥—戈亚斯矿产公司和加拿大的Cambior公司。巴西冶金矿产公司占世界市场的70％,它主要是把铌精矿转化成铌铁出售,而且还在继续提高出售产品的等级,除铌铁外,还能生产氧化物和真空级合金添加剂,并准备在1990年以前建成一个年产40吨铌锭的电子束熔炼炉。
I. Overview The production of metallic niobium used to mainly rely on the handling of niobite and tantalum-niobium ore. Today, 95% of the niobium required is obtained from pyrochlore. There are three major producers of niobium concentrates (pyrochlore) in the world: Brazil Metallurgical and Mineral Company (CBMM), Cataracto-Goias Minerals in Brazil and Cambior in Canada. Brazil’s metallurgical minerals account for 70% of the world market. It mainly converts niobium concentrate into ferroniobium for sale, and continues to increase the grade of its products for sale. In addition to ferroniobium, it can produce oxide and vacuum grade alloy additives, And plans to build by 1990 an annual output of 40 tons of niobium ingot electron beam melting furnace.