本世纪70年代以来,以微电子技术为标志的信息技术迅猛发展,它所激起的层层冲击波不断洗刷着人类社会生活的各个领域,促使人们的生活和生产方式发生了根本性的变化。事实上,随着人类改造自然能力的不断提高,以及生产和生活的日益社会化和国际化,人们所要传递和处理的信息量几乎每日每时都在开创新记录。据统计,目前军事、天文、气象、资源、工业、商业等信息量均以3—5年翻一番的速度增长着。面对这场“信息爆炸”的挑战,科学家们认为,通信高容量不可能通过目前的超大规模集 Since the 1970s, the rapid development of information technology marked by microelectronic technology has caused many layers of human life to be washed away by layers of shock waves, which have caused fundamental changes in people’s lives and modes of production. In fact, with the constant improvement of mankind’s ability to transform nature and the increasingly social and internationalization of production and life, the amount of information that people are required to transmit and process is opening up new records almost daily, every day. According to statistics, at present, the amount of information such as military affairs, astronomy, meteorology, resources, industry and commerce are all growing at a rate of doubling in three to five years. In the face of this “information explosion” challenge, scientists believe that the high capacity of communications can not be achieved through the current very large scale set