羰基加成反应的立体化学是基础有机化学教学的难点，学生解题困难。本文从“链状手性醛酮的不对称加成”、“链状非手性醛酮的不对称加成”和“环酮羰基的不对称加成”等三个方面，较系统地阐述了羰基加成的立体化学。并对教材中的难题进行了“解题分析”，旨在提高教与学的质量。 Stereochemistry of carbonyl addition reaction is the difficult point of basic organic chemistry teaching. This article systematically elaborates three aspects of “asymmetric addition of chain chiral aldehydes and ketones”, “asymmetric addition of acyclic acyclic ketones” and “asymmetric addition of cyclic ketones” The carbonyl adduct stereochemistry. And the textbook problems were “problem-solving analysis”, aimed at improving the quality of teaching and learning.