目的　了解小学生自尊水平状况 ,分析有关自身和家庭因素。方法　用瑞文渐进型测定智商 ,EPQ测定个性特征 ,SES测定自尊水平。结果　自尊水平有随年级增长而提高的倾向 ,男生高于女生。自尊与智商、学习成绩、父母的学历、职业有显著正相关 ,与学生个性特征无关。结论　影响自尊水平的自身和家庭因素 ,主要是学生的智商和其母的文化、职业 Objective To understand the status of primary school students’ self-esteem and analyze their own and family factors. Methods Ruijin incremental determination of IQ, EPQ determination of personality traits, SES determination of self-esteem levels. Results The level of self-esteem tended to increase with the grade, with boys over girls. Self-esteem and IQ, academic performance, parents’ education, occupation have a significant positive correlation, and personality characteristics of students has nothing to do. Conclusion Self and family factors that affect the level of self-esteem are mainly students’ IQ and their mother’s culture, occupation