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目的通过一起首发狂犬病案例的流行病学调查,探讨狂犬病疫情发生的原因和处置方法,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法对报告的一起首发狂犬病疫情进行调查分析,并对疫点、疫区进行规范处置。结果该起狂犬病疫情是犬类动物免疫和管理措施不到位,造成传染源存在,加之患者个人防护意识差,乡村医生未对伤口规范处理,未接种狂犬疫苗而发生,但疫点、疫区的处置较及时、规范。家养犬狂犬疫苗接种免疫率低,群众对狂犬病的预防缺乏深入了解,相关部门对犬类缺乏有效的管控。结论建立长期有效联防联控的综合措施、提高群众狂犬病防制知识、犬伤后规范处置伤口与接种狂犬疫苗,是减少狂犬病发生的关键。
Objective To investigate the causes and treatment of rabies epidemic through the epidemiological investigation of a case of rabies in the first episode and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods An on-site epidemiological survey method was used to investigate the epidemic situation of the first rabies in the report together with the standardized treatment of the epidemic and epidemic areas. Results The rabies epidemic was the result of inadequate immunization and management of canine animals, causing the source of infection. In addition, the awareness of personal protection was poor. Rural doctors did not deal with rabies nor vaccinated rabies vaccine. However, Disposal more timely and standardized. Domestic dog rabies vaccination immunization rate is low, the public lack of a thorough understanding of the prevention of rabies, the relevant departments of dogs in the lack of effective control. Conclusion The establishment of a comprehensive long-term effective measures to prevent and control rabies is the key to reduce the incidence of rabies.