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静电场是中学物理中的基础知识要点之一,不仅能与力学模块有机结合,也是电学模块理解与认知的基础.其中电场的矢量合成问题、图象问题、空间分布问题不仅要求学生有较扎实的基础知识,还需要较强的空间想象力、抽象的逻辑推理能力、敏锐的观察能力,再加上没有直接的、可观察的实际模型,给学生的理解带来较大难度.本文就2013年全国高考中的静电场问题加以分类总结,以期得出解决这类问题的基本方法.一、抓位置特征,突破多个点电荷与匀强电场叠加问题
Electrostatic field is one of the basic knowledge points in high school physics, which can not only combine with mechanics module, but also the basis of understanding and cognition of electrical module, in which the problems of vector synthesis, image and spatial distribution of electric field not only require students to compare A solid foundation of knowledge also requires a strong spatial imagination, abstract logical reasoning ability, keen observation ability, coupled with no direct, observable actual model, to bring more difficulty to students’ understanding. In 2013 the national entrance examination of the electrostatic field problems are summarized, in order to come to the basic method to solve such problems.First, grasping the location characteristics, breaking a number of point charge and uniform electric field superposition problem