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本文研究了陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.2n=4x=52,品种为岱字棉15号)×雷蒙德氏棉(G.raimondii Ulbr.,2n=2x=26)种间杂种三倍体 F_1(2n=3x=39)、六倍体 F_1(2n=6x=78)、四倍体F_2(2n=4x=52)和六倍体 F_2(2n=6x=78),一些形态和经济性状的遗传变异及花粉母细胞减数分裂的染色体行为。结果表明,杂种后代表现双亲性状,并进一步证实了雷蒙德氏棉具有改良栽培陆地棉品种纤维品质的潜在优良特性;花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中,三倍体 F_1最不规则,加倍后代配对染色体的比例明显增加,每细胞染色体平均构型三倍体 F_1为14.14Ⅰ+11.95Ⅱ+0.30Ⅲ+0.02Ⅳ;六倍体 F_1为1.78Ⅰ+36.43Ⅱ+0.73Ⅲ+0.29Ⅳ;六倍体 F_2为0.55Ⅰ+36.55Ⅱ+0.12Ⅲ+1.00Ⅳ;四倍体 F_2为1.47Ⅰ+25.02Ⅱ+0.09Ⅲ+0.05Ⅳ。文中对杂种后代的细胞学行为及其在育种中的应用进行了讨论。
In this paper, the interspecific hybrid triploid F_1 of Gossypium hirsutum L.2n = 4x = 52, variety Daiyimonian 15 × G. raimondii Ulbr. (2n = 2x = 26) (2n = 3x = 39), hexaploid F_1 (2n = 6x = 78), tetraploid F_2 (2n = 4x = 52) and hexaploid F_2 (2n = 6x = 78). Some morphological and economic traits Genetic variation and chromosome behavior of pollen mother cell meiosis. The results showed that the offspring of hybrids showed the characteristics of parents and further confirmed the potential superiority of Raymond’s cotton in improving the fiber quality of cultivated Upland cultivars. During the meiosis of pollen mother cells, triploid F_1 was the most irregular and doubled offspring The proportion of paired chromosomes was significantly increased. The triploid F_1 per chromosome was 14.14Ⅰ + 11.95Ⅱ + 0.30Ⅲ + 0.02Ⅳ. The hexaploid F_1 was 1.78Ⅰ + 36.43Ⅱ + 0.73Ⅲ + 0.29Ⅳ. F_2 was 0.55Ⅰ + 36.55Ⅱ + 0.12Ⅲ + 1.00Ⅳ; tetraploid F_2 was 1.47Ⅰ + 25.02Ⅱ + 0.09Ⅲ + 0.05Ⅳ. Cytological behavior of hybrid offspring and its application in breeding are discussed in this paper.