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从对地观测平台角秒量级姿态确定需求出发,在构建星敏感器惯性系成像模型的基础上指出,恒星在成像面上的定位误差是星敏感器姿态确定误差的主要来源。同时,结合理想光学系统离焦模型,分析了星敏感器主要性能指标间的量化关系,并给出了成像面定位误差最低限。仿真结果表明,从优化系统性能考虑,成像模糊区直径为2~3个像元的配置是利用星敏感器焦平面的“轻微离焦”来实现亚像元定位的最佳方案,定位误差可达0.2个像元,能够满足星敏感器惯性姿态确定精度4″~5″的要求。理论分析和数值仿真结果可为后续星敏感器指标的提出及仪器设计提供技术参考。
Based on the needs of determining the angular order of magnitude of the earth observation platform, based on the imaging model of the star sensor inertial system, it is pointed out that the positioning error of the star on the imaging plane is the main source of the attitude determination error of the star sensor. At the same time, combined with the ideal optical system defocus model, the quantitative relationship between the main performance index of the star sensor is analyzed and the minimum error of the imaging plane positioning error is given. The simulation results show that the optimum scheme of sub-pixel localization is to use the “slight defocus” of the focal plane of the star sensor to optimize the system performance, and the configuration of the imaging fuzzy area with a diameter of 2 to 3 pixels can be achieved. Up to 0.2 pixels, which can meet the requirement of 4 “~ 5” accuracy of star sensor inertial attitude determination. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results can provide technical reference for future star sensor indexing and instrument design.