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以传统固相法制备的0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.45Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3(PNN–PZT)压电陶瓷粉体为原料,采用挤压成型工艺制备含Pt金属芯压电陶瓷纤维。以PbTiO3作为保护粉体,对纤维坯体进行1 200℃不同时间(0.5、1.0 h和2.0 h)的烧结处理。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、阻抗分析仪和铁电分析仪等研究了烧结时间对纤维微观结构、压电性能和铁电性能的影响。结果表明:在烧结时间范围内制备的压电陶瓷纤维为单一钙钛矿结构,未发现焦绿石相或其他杂相;随烧结时间增加,陶瓷纤维晶粒尺寸增大,压电和铁电性能明显提高。在1200℃保温2.0h制备的压电陶瓷纤维电学性能较好,压电常数(d31)、相对介电常数(εr)、介电损耗(tanδ)和矫顽场(Ec)分别为–145 pC/N、3 313、2.6%和0.27 kV/mm。介电温谱结果表明:该陶瓷纤维的特征Curie温度为125℃,峰值相对介电常数为8093。
A 0.55Pb (Ni1 / 3Nb2 / 3) O3-0.45Pb (Zr0.3Ti0.7) O3 (PNN-PZT) piezoelectric ceramic powder prepared by a traditional solid phase method was used as a raw material, and an alloy containing Pt metal Core Piezoelectric ceramic fiber. With PbTiO3 as the protective powder, the fiber preforms were sintered at 1 200 ℃ for different times (0.5, 1.0 h and 2.0 h). The effects of sintering time on the microstructure, piezoelectric properties and ferroelectric properties of the fibers were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, impedance analyzer and ferroelectric analyzer. The results show that the piezoelectric ceramic fibers prepared in the sintering time range have a single perovskite structure with no pyrochlore phase or other miscellaneous phases. With the increase of sintering time, the grain size of ceramic fibers increases and the piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties become obvious improve. The piezoelectric ceramic fibers prepared at 1200 ℃ for 2.0h have better electrical properties, such as piezoelectric constant (d31), relative dielectric constant (εr), dielectric loss (tanδ) and coercive field (Ec) of -145 pC / N, 3 313, 2.6% and 0.27 kV / mm. Dielectric spectroscopy results show that the characteristic Curie temperature of this ceramic fiber is 125 ℃ and the peak relative dielectric constant is 8093.