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泌尿系结石病发病率约为2.0%~3.0%,在结石高发地区可以占到泌尿科住院患者的40%以上。经皮肾镜技术是通过影像学定位引导经皮穿刺进入肾脏集合系统,并进行扩张建立皮肾通道,通过碎石工具进入肾脏进行碎石取石。腰部仅有一个小切口,完全在腔镜下操作。经皮肾镜技术相对传统开放取石手术,创伤小、痛苦少。目前我国和欧美的专业学会指南都已经将经皮肾镜技术列为复杂上尿路结石的一线治疗手段~([1])。
The incidence of urolithiasis is about 2.0% to 3.0%, which can account for more than 40% of urological inpatients in areas with high incidence of stones. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is to guide the percutaneous puncture into the renal collecting system through imaging and to expand and establish the renal access, through the gravel tool into the kidney for lithotripsy. Only a small incision in the waist, completely under endoscopic operation. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a relatively traumatic surgery with less trauma and less pain. At present, China and Europe and the United States Institute of Professional Guidelines have percutaneous nephrolithotomy as a first-line treatment of complex upper urinary tract stones ~ ([1]).