知识来源于实践，科学技术是人类在征服自然、改造自然的实践中积累和发展起来的。文字的产生，文献的出现，使得人类积累的科学技术知识能够有利于保存与流传。作为科学技术、文化知识、信息等的收集、贮存和传播的专门机构——图书馆的出现，则是人类文明的又一重要标志。一 Knowledge comes from practice. Science and technology are accumulated and developed by mankind in the practice of conquering nature and transforming nature. The emergence of literary texts and the emergence of literatures make it possible for human beings to accumulate scientific and technical knowledge for preservation and circulation. The emergence of a library, a specialized agency for the collection, storage and dissemination of science and technology, cultural knowledge and information, is another important symbol of human civilization. one