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以秦巴山区的3条铁路增建二线工程为例,通过水土流失影响指数评价模型来定量分析、评判山区铁路增建工程的水土流失影响程度。结果表明:襄安线、西康线和安渝线增建二线工程的水土流失影响指数分别为0.240,0.184,0.202,均低于全国铁路建设项目水土流失影响指数的平均值,这说明与新建铁路工程相比,增建二线工程造成的水土流失影响程度相对较小。其主要原因是工程平均占地面积较小(2.54hm2/km)、工程总土石方量(6.99万m3/km)较轻、工程水土流失总量(9 028t/km)不大。在施工过程中,可通过移挖作填、减少弃方、控制施工影响范围、缩短施工期等措施来进一步减弱山区铁路增建工程的水土流失影响,更好地保护山区铁路沿线的生态环境。
Taking the construction of the second line of three railway projects in Qinling-Bashan Mountains as an example, the quantitative analysis of soil erosion index is used to evaluate the impact of soil and water loss on the construction of mountain railway. The results show that the influence indexes of soil and water loss of the second line project of Xiang’an Line, Xikang Line and Anyiyu Line are 0.240,0.184,0.202 respectively, which are lower than the average value of the impact index of soil and water loss of the national railway construction projects, which shows that with the new railway Compared to the project, the impact of soil and water loss caused by the second-line expansion project is relatively small. The main reason for this is that the average site area of the project is relatively small (2.54hm2 / km), the total earthwork volume of the project (69,900m3 / km) is light, and the total amount of soil and water loss (9,028t / km) is small. In the process of construction, measures such as excavation and excavation, reduction of abandonment, control of construction influence range and construction period can be further reduced to further reduce the impact of soil and water loss on the construction of mountain railway and to better protect the ecological environment along the mountainous railway.