模板和脚手架是土木建筑工程施工中量大面广的重要施工工具。模板工程占钢筋混凝土工程总造价的20％，劳动量的30％，工期的一半。1992年，全国施工企业拥有组合钢模板3500万平方米，占模板总用量的70％。组合钢模板的拥有量同钢支撑、钢脚手架大体相当，总计约400万吨，折合资 Formwork and scaffolding are important construction tools for civil construction projects. Formwork engineering accounts for 20% of the total cost of reinforced concrete works, 30% of labor, and half of the construction period. In 1992, construction companies throughout the country had 35 million square meters of composite steel formwork, accounting for 70% of the total amount of formwork used. The combined steel formwork possesses approximately the same amount of steel supports and steel scaffolds, totaling approximately 4 million tons, or a joint venture