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在过去10余年对小分子和聚合物电致发光器件的研究中,由于器件三线态激子能量没有得到充分的利用,使器件的内量子效率存在25%的理论极限,大大限制了其发光效率。为突破这一理论极限,在小分子主体材料中掺杂磷光染料制成电致磷光器件是近几年研究的热点,磷光染料的掺杂可以充分利用单线态和三线态激子,理论上器件的内量子效率可以达到100%。本文针对有机小分子电致磷光器件的发展、发光机理以及主客体分子间的能量传递等方面作了简明的讨论,指出了在器件设计时应该注意的一些问题。
In the past ten years of research on small molecule and polymer electroluminescent devices, the device’s internal quantum efficiency has a theoretical limit of 25% due to the under-utilization of the triplet exciton energy, which greatly limits its luminous efficiency . To break this theoretical limit, the phosphorescent dye doped with a small host material made of phosphorescent devices is a hot research in recent years, phosphorescent dye doping can make full use of singlet and triplet excitons, in theory devices The internal quantum efficiency can reach 100%. In this paper, the development of organic small molecule phosphorescent devices, the luminescence mechanism and the energy transfer between host and guest molecules are briefly discussed. Some problems that should be paid attention to in device design are pointed out.