1.(量的)真值 对真值的定义表述有多种,现摘引几种如下. (1)“被测量本身所具有的真实大小称为真值.”[1] (2)“如果实验已消除系统误差,只存在偶然误差,……,无穷多个观测值的平均值,就是被测物理量的真值.”[2] (3)“表征在研究某量时所处的条件下严格地确定的量值.”[3]量值 (1) “The true size of the measured object itself is called the true value.” [1] (2) “If the true value of (quantity) has many definitions of truth value, Experiments have eliminated systematic errors, with only occasional errors, ..., the average of an infinite number of observations, which is the true value of the measured physical quantity. ”[2] (3)“ Characterize the conditions under which a given quantity was studied Strictly defined measure. ”[3] Measurements