把科学分门别类的好处在于 有序,在于揭示结构,可以 深入,但随之而生的弊端是割裂了联系,难以把握总体。比如哲学,这门被马克思称为“时代精神的精华”、“文明的活的灵魂”的学科,本可用以解释和指导社会生活的广泛方面,包括管理实践活动,但迄今为止,管理和哲学之间的交流仍很稀少,更谈不上贯通了。美国学者霍金森说得好:“倘若哲学家不会成为管理者,那么管理者必须成为哲学家。” The advantage of categorizing science lies in its order, in that it reveals the structure and can go deep, but the ensuing drawbacks are the fragmentation of the link and the difficulty of grasping the overall picture. Such as philosophy, which Marx calls “the quintessence of the spirit of the times” and “the living soul of civilization,” could have been used to explain and guide the broad aspects of social life, including managerial practices, but to date management and philosophy The exchange between the two countries is still scarce, let alone a breakthrough. Hopson put it well: “If philosophers do not become managers, then managers must become philosophers.”