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过去我对什么是好的作文题,曾经私下里拟设过不少的标准,例如:第一,有较强的激发功能。所谓激发功能,是指让考生看到题目时,产生一种写作欲望,觉得自己有话可说,不吐不快,甚至有一种展示自己才华的激情。这样才能形成人人有话可说、不同水平的考生在不同层面充分展示自己的才华的局面,使优秀人才脱颖而出。要想具有较强的激发功能,题目必须贴近学生的实际,题意容易产生联想或想象,避免出现老面孔等。第二,符合公平竞争的原则,写作空间广阔有“边”。“广阔”,指写作的范围大;“有边”,指有一定的限制,难以宿构套写,不能“题目之大,难以跑题”。如果写作空间不大,那么尖子人才很难施展才华,脱颖而出,这实际上也是一种不公平;如果不“难以宿构套写”,那么任意搬来一篇别的题目的文章,你也不能说他跑题,或者考前碰巧练过与考题相同题目的考生照搬自己或别人的原文,这就与没练过此题的考生不是站在同一起跑线上,也是一种不公平。第三,有引导功能,对今后的作文教学有一定的指导作用,例如引导学生观照现实,关注人文修养,重视文化积淀等。
In the past, I have set a number of criteria in private on what is a good essay topic. For example: First, there is a strong incentive function. The so-called inspiring function means that when a candidate sees a topic, he or she will have a desire to write, feel that they have something to say, feel uncomfortable, and even have a passion to display their talents. In this way, we can form a situation in which everyone has something to say and different levels of candidates fully demonstrate their talents at different levels, so that outstanding talents come to the fore. If you want to have a strong stimulating function, the topic must be close to the student’s actual situation, and the meaning of the subject is easy to associate or imagine, and avoid the appearance of old faces. Second, in line with the principle of fair competition, there is a broad “border” for writing space. “Broad” means that the scope of writing is large; “There is edge” means that there is a certain limit, and it is difficult to construct and write. It cannot be “a large topic, it is difficult to run away.” If the writing space is not large, then it is very difficult for the top talents to display their talents and come to the fore. This is actually an unfairness; if it is not “hard to build,” then you can’t write articles arbitrarily to another topic. It is unfair to say that he is out of the question, or that the candidate who happened to have practiced the same subject as the question in the exam copied his or her original text. This is not in the same starting line with the candidate who has not practiced this question. Third, there is a guiding function, which has a certain guiding role in the teaching of the composition in the future, such as guiding students to observe the reality, paying attention to humanistic cultivation, and paying attention to cultural accumulation.