目前上气道阻塞(upper airway obstruction,UAO)的诊断仍是一个比较困难的问题。一方面因为本病比较少见,人们对其缺乏足够的认识和重视;另一方面早期UAO患者几乎没有症状,或者即使有些症状,如哮喘、呼吸困难,也常常没有特异性。因此本病常被误诊为哮喘、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、复发性肺部感染等疾病。由于这类患者一旦出现明显症状或发生生理功能紊乱时气道阻塞多半已经进入相当晚期。因此应当强调早期发现和及时治疗。同时还应当指出这种气道阻塞常可致命,而手术治疗对于这类患者常常具有决定性意义。近年来气管手术的进展为本病的治疗提供了更大的可能。通过适当的手术治疗常可 Currently, the diagnosis of upper airway obstruction (UAO) is still a relatively difficult problem. On the one hand, the disease is relatively rare, people lack adequate knowledge and attention; the other hand, patients with early UAO almost no symptoms, or even some symptoms, such as asthma, dyspnea, are often not specific. Therefore, the disease is often misdiagnosed as asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, recurrent pulmonary infections and other diseases. As these patients once the obvious symptoms or physiological dysfunction occurs when the airway obstruction has entered a very late stage. Therefore, early detection and timely treatment should be emphasized. It should also be noted that this airway obstruction can often be fatal, and surgical treatment is often of decisive significance for such patients. In recent years, the progress of tracheal surgery for the treatment of this disease provides a greater possibility. Through the appropriate surgical treatment can often