自十九世纪四十年代以来的近半个世纪中,在欧洲和美国曾掀起过多次对冲天炉研究的热潮。特别在风口结构及炉型方面进行了大量的改革性尝试。如提出了扩张式风口、交叉式风口、多排风口、小风口、切向进风风口,缝隙式风口、扦入式风口、中央送风风口、螺旋式风口(一种多排风口,从 In the nearly half century since the 1840s, there have been many ups and downs of research on cupola in Europe and the United States. In particular, tuyere structure and furnace type carried out a large number of reform attempts. Such as the expansion of the tuyere, cross-style tuyere, multi-vent, small tuyere, tangential air inlet, slotted air outlet, cut-in outlet, the central air supply outlet, screw outlet (a multi-outlet, From