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1849年获得专刊的波登管在大多数压力和温度仪表中作为驱动元件。这种管子,横截面呈椭圆,被弯成“C”形、盘旋形或螺旋形,其一端密封,另一端连接到压力源,一般是一根细管。压力流(气体或液体)作用于管壁,使其横截面变圆,同时使弯曲的管子稍微伸直。管端微小的位移经机械的或电的装置传动,将被测温度和压力表示出来。波登元件的设计要依据预定的函数。绝大多数波登管是使指针在表盘上移动;有些管被连到报警系统,当其顶端位移到一个指定点时即接通一个开关。还有一些波登管具有更多的作用,如推动记录机构(例如用于压力和温度记录仪)或用于控制开关或阀门。
The Bourdon tube, which received its special feature in 1849, serves as the driving element in most pressure and temperature gauges. The tube, elliptical in cross-section, is bent into a “C” shape, spiral or helical, one end of which is sealed and the other end is connected to a pressure source, typically a thin tube. Pressure flow (gas or liquid) acts on the tube wall, rounding it in cross-section while slightly straightening the curved tube. Slight displacement of the pipe end is transmitted by mechanical or electric device, showing the measured temperature and pressure. The design of the Bourdon element is based on a predetermined function. Most bourdon tubes move the pointer over the dial; some tubes are attached to the alarm system and switch on when the top of the tube is displaced to a specified point. Still other Bourdon tubes have more functions such as pushing recording mechanisms (eg for pressure and temperature loggers) or for controlling switches or valves.