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目的评价汉川市以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治措施效果。方法收集2004-2013年汉川市血吸虫病综合防治资料,分析综合防治措施实施期间螺情和人畜病情指标的变化趋势,比较对策实施前后疫情控制效果。结果实施综合防治后,居民、耕牛血吸虫感染率呈下降趋势,分别由2004年的6.38%、8.11%下降至2013年的0.61%、0,2007年已无急性血吸虫病病例发生,2011年已无新感染病例发生;2012年已查不到感染性钉螺。2013年有螺框出现率、活螺平均密度较2004年分别下降了56.78%、68.35%,但钉螺面积、易感环境面积分别增长了0.62%、7.10%。2013年全市26个乡(镇)367个流行村全部达到传播控制标准。结论以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治措施能有效控制湖沼型地区血吸虫病传播;在巩固该综合防治措施成果的同时,需控制内垸沟渠钉螺面积,以防止居民重复感染血吸虫。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive prevention and control measures of schistosomiasis in Hanchuan City based on the control of infection sources. Methods The data of comprehensive prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hanchuan City from 2004 to 2013 were collected to analyze the changing trend of the index of snail and human and livestock during the implementation of the comprehensive prevention and control measures and the control effects of the epidemic situation were compared before and after the implementation of the comprehensive prevention and control measures. Results After the implementation of integrated control, the infection rates of residents and cattle decreased from 6.38% and 8.11% respectively in 2004 to 0.61% in 2013. There were no cases of acute schistosomiasis in 2007 and no cases of acute schistosomiasis occurred in 2011 No new cases of infection occurred; in 2012, infectious snails were not detected. In 2013, there was a screw-frame appearance rate, and the mean density of live snails decreased by 56.78% and 68.35% respectively as compared with that in 2004, but snail area and susceptible environmental area increased by 0.62% and 7.10% respectively. In 2013, 367 popular villages in 26 townships (towns) of the whole city met the standards of communication control. Conclusion The integrated control measures of schistosomiasis with infection source control can effectively control the transmission of schistosomiasis in lacustrine-type areas. In addition to consolidating the results of comprehensive prevention and treatment measures, snail-ditch area needs to be controlled in order to prevent residents from repeatedly receiving schistosomiasis.