近年来,农村经济和社会问题明显增多,其直接原因是基层政权组织功能弱化。主要表现在以下三个方面:一、集体统一经营出现“断层”现象。农村第一步改革建立了乡村集体和农户两层经营体制,但在实践中集体统一经营层次至今仍然很不完善,有的甚至于名存实亡。据调查,这种“断层”现象大致有三种情况。一是原来的穷困乡村,分田到户后集体基本上成了“光屁股”,丧失了统一经营的经济支柱,加之受传统习俗的局限,这类乡村实际上早已变成为小农经济的“桃花源”。二是多数乡村在“分家”时,已将大部分集体财产变卖给个人,农户每年上交集体的提留摊派除应付日常开支外,只能搞一些修修补补的 In recent years, the economic and social problems in rural areas have obviously increased. The direct reason for this is the weakening of the functions of grass-roots political organizations. Mainly in the following three aspects: First, the collective management of a “fault” phenomenon. The first step of rural reform set up a two-tier system of rural collectives and peasants. However, in practice, the level of collective and unified management is still far from perfect, and some even existed in name only. According to the survey, there are roughly three cases of this “fault” phenomenon. First, the original poverty-stricken villages, sub-fields and farms have basically become “bare ass” and lose the economic pillar of unified management. In addition, due to the limitations of traditional customs, such villages have in fact already become the “ Peach Blossom Spring. ” Second, most villages have sold most of their collective property to individuals when they “divide their families.” In addition to meeting the daily expenses of collectives, the peasants handed over to the collectives each year can only engage in some tightening