目的探讨不同年代因屈光不正住院的飞行人员的屈光分布及患病的危险因素。方法对151例因屈光不正住院的飞行人员进行回顾性临床分析。对各种屈光类型不同年代的构成进行比较。结果20世纪60~90年代及2000~2005年近视类屈光不正患病人数分别为7、18、23、29和26人,其中不同年代单纯近视分别占同年代屈光不正眼数的8.47%、4.48%、22.22%、30.43%和42.42%,趋势χ2值为25.86(P<0.01);远视类屈光不正分别为40、40、34、10和1人,不同年代远视分别占同年代屈光不正眼数的67.80%、59.70%、53.97%、21.74%和3.03%,趋势χ2值为26.15(P<0.01)。结论随着年代的推移,远视类屈光不正的发病呈下降趋势,单纯近视类屈光不正则呈增加趋势。飞行人员迟发性近视应予重视。 Objective To investigate the refractive distribution and risk factors of pilots who were hospitalized in different age groups due to refractive errors. Methods Retrospective clinical analysis of 151 patients hospitalized for ametropia. The composition of different refractive types of different ages are compared. Results The number of myopia patients suffering from myopia in the 60 ~ 90s and 2000 ~ 2005 in the 20th century were 7, 18, 23, 29 and 26 respectively, of which, myopic in different years accounted for 8.47% The trend χ2 value was 25.86 (P <0.01); the hyperopia refractive errors were 40, 40, 34, 10, and 1, respectively, and the hyperopia in different years accounted for the refractive errors in the same year The number of eyes 67.80%, 59.70%, 53.97%, 21.74% and 3.03%, trend χ2 value of 26.15 (P <0.01). Conclusion With the passage of time, the incidence of hyperopia with refractive errors shows a decreasing trend and the simple myopia with refractive errors shows an increasing trend. Delayed flight crew should pay attention to myopia.