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迄今为止疫苗在人类和动物传染性疾病的控制和预防中依然发挥着其他药物种类难以企及的重要作用。疫苗设计成功的基础在于有效地递送抗原物质以诱发强有力的保护性免疫反应,而疫苗递送载体的合理应用可以加强、改善、甚至改变抗原物质所诱发的免疫应答过程,从而带来优化疫苗接种效果,简化免疫接种程序等有益效果。目前研发中常用的疫苗递送载体可以分为生物载体(如病毒与细菌)与化学载体(如微针与脂质体)两类,在不同递送系统使用方面的重要考虑是有效地利用载体的装载能力和相应特性来达到理想的免疫效果。目前疫苗递送技术的快速进展为现代疫苗的发展提供了有力的技术支撑。
Until now, vaccines still play an important role in the control and prevention of infectious diseases in humans and animals, which are beyond the reach of other drug types. The basis of successful vaccine design lies in the effective delivery of antigenic substances to induce a strong protective immune response, and the rational use of vaccine delivery vectors can enhance, improve and even alter the immune response induced by antigenic substances, leading to optimized vaccination Effects, simplified immunization programs and other beneficial effects. The current vaccine delivery vectors commonly used in research and development can be divided into two types: biological carriers (such as viruses and bacteria) and chemical carriers (such as microneedles and liposomes). An important consideration in the use of different delivery systems is to effectively utilize the carrier loading Ability and the corresponding characteristics to achieve the desired immune effect. At present, the rapid progress of vaccine delivery technology provides a strong technical support for the development of modern vaccines.