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改革开放以来,尤其是随着全球化进程的加快,加工贸易已经成为我国对外贸易的重要方式。然而中国在其中只是承担了加工制造环节,处于产业链低端的加工贸易存在的问题越来越突出,如加工增值率低,缺少自主创新等。面对人民币汇率的不断攀升,美国次贷危机、劳动成本上升等影响,我国加工贸易的困局已逐步浮现。因此在巨大人口和就业压力下,中国不应放弃全球化下产业链分工深化并重新布局的机遇,尽快完成我国加工贸易的转型,促进产业链的攀升和跃迁。
Since the reform and opening up, especially with the acceleration of the globalization process, the processing trade has become an important way for China’s foreign trade. However, China only took the processing and manufacturing links among them. The problems in the processing trade at the lower end of the industrial chain became more and more prominent, such as low value-added processing and lack of independent innovation. Faced with the rising exchange rate of RMB, the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States and rising labor costs, the dilemma of China’s processing trade has gradually emerged. Therefore, under the pressure of huge population and employment, China should not give up the opportunity to deepen and rearrange the division of labor under globalization and complete the transformation of China’s processing trade as soon as possible so as to promote the rise and transition of the industrial chain.