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在云龙水库水源保护区16.5°坡耕地上,种植豆科、禾本科、菊科多年生牧草,替代传统的种植模式(玉米-小麦)。试验结果表明,种植牧草能有效降低水土及养分流失。种草模式下的径流及土壤流失量分别比习惯种植减少27.6%~35.8%及41.8%~54.6%,氮磷钾养分流失减少34.1%~41.3%,其中氮流失减少32.7%~39.4%,磷流失减少33.9%~39.2%。水土保持效果以种植禾本科牧草最好,菊科牧草稍差,豆科牧草居中。同时种植牧草还能取得较好的经济效益,纯收益比习惯种植增加11.0%~15.0%,是水源保护区种植结构调整、水源保护及坡耕地综合治理的较好方式。
On the 16.5 ° sloping farmland of Yunlong Reservoir Water Conservation Area, legumes, grasses, and asteraceae perennials were planted instead of the traditional planting pattern (corn-wheat). The results show that planting grass can effectively reduce soil erosion and nutrient loss. The runoff and soil loss under the grass-planting mode decreased by 27.6% -35.8% and 41.8% -54.6% respectively compared with the conventional planting. The loss of NPK nutrients decreased by 34.1% -41.3%, of which the nitrogen loss decreased by 32.7% -39.4% Loss decreased by 33.9% to 39.2%. Soil and water conservation to grow grass best grass, Asteraceae forage slightly worse, leguminate grass center. At the same time planting forage can achieve better economic benefits, net income increased by 11.0% ~ 15.0% than customary planting, is a good way to adjust the planting structure of water source protection areas, water sources protection and comprehensive management of slope farmland.