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过去几十年,台湾经济发展迅速,举世瞩目。其经济增长率,1952—1981年平均为8.7％,1982—1991年平均为7％。台湾人均国民收入1953年仅为150美元,1983年增至2673美元,1991年又跃升到9000美元。台湾对外贸易不仅发展迅速,而且连年出超,仅1991年外贸顺差就达130亿美元。台湾外汇储备到1992年10月底已高达870亿美元,世界排位第一,高于日本、德国和美国。台湾经济之所以能取得如此好的实绩,原因是多方面的。本文仅就台湾调控部门在经济发展中所扮演的宏观调控角色及其行为做一初步探讨,以便能使我们对台湾经济的宏观运作有所认识。
Over the past few decades, Taiwan has witnessed rapid economic growth and world-wide attention. Its economic growth rate averaged 8.7% in 1952-1981 and 7% in 1982-1991. Per capita national income in Taiwan was only 150 U.S. dollars in 1953, rising to 2,673 U.S. dollars in 1983 and 9,000 U.S. dollars in 1991. Taiwan’s foreign trade not only witnessed rapid development, but also surpassed it every year. In 1991 alone, the foreign trade surplus reached 13 billion U.S. dollars. By the end of October 1992, Taiwan’s foreign exchange reserves had reached as high as 87 billion U.S. dollars, ranking the first in the world and higher than those of Japan, Germany and the United States. The reason why Taiwan’s economy can make such a good performance is due to many reasons. This article only conducts a preliminary discussion on the role of macroeconomic regulation and control in Taiwan’s economic development and its conduct so as to enable us to gain an understanding of the macroeconomic operation of Taiwan’s economy.