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基于对华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)人工林样地3个取样尺度(4、2、1 m)土壤呼吸(Rs)及其影响因子的观测,运用传统和地统计学的方法分析了Rs的空间变异性及其与影响因子之间的内在联系.传统统计分析表明:Rs及其它相关因子的空间变异均属于中等变异;Rs与10 cm、15 cm深度的土壤温度(T10、T15)和全氮(N)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与凋落物含水量(Lm)呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与碳/氮比(C/N)呈显著负相关(P<0.01),与5 cm深度的土壤温度(T5)、土壤水分(Ws)、凋落物量(Lw)和全碳(C)相关性不显著(P>0.05);多元逐步回归分析表明:Lm、T10、N和Ws这4个因子能解释土壤呼吸空间变化的36%.地统计学分析表明:Rs具有中等程度的空间自相关性,随机部分引起的空间异质性占39.5%,结构因素占60.5%,气候、地形、土壤等结构因素起着主导作用;不同土壤指标的变程不相同,Rs和T10的变程差异不大,在25 m左右;土壤各指标的分维数大小依次为:Lw(1.95)=C/N比(1.95)>N(1.91)>C(1.89)>Rs(1.78)>Lm(1.77)>Ws(1.69)>T10(1.42).Rs的空间分布模式与T10、Lm、C和N的空间分布模式较为一致,而与Ws、C/N比的空间分布模式不同;在同一置信水平和估计精度下,不同土壤指标的必要采样数量不相同,取决于该指标的空间变异程度.
Based on the observations of soil respiration (Rs) and its influencing factors at three sampling scales (4, 2 and 1 m) of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation plots, the effects of Rs The spatial variability of Rs and other related factors belong to medium variation. The correlation between Rs and soil temperature (T10, T15) at depths of 10 cm and 15 cm and There was a significant positive correlation between nitrogen (N) and total nitrogen (P <0.01), a significant positive correlation with Lm (P <0.05) and a negative correlation with C / N (P <0.05). The results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the correlations between Lm, Lm and C were not significant (P> 0.05), and the soil temperature (T5), soil moisture (Ws), litter amount The four factors of T10, N and Ws can explain 36% of the spatial variation of soil respiration. Geostatistical analysis shows that: Rs has a moderate degree of spatial autocorrelation, the spatial heterogeneity caused by random part accounts for 39.5%, structural factors 60.5%, climate, topography, soil and other structural factors play a leading role; different soil indicators of different ranges, Rs and T10 small differences in the range, at 25 m And the fractal dimensions of soil were Lw (1.95) = C / N ratio (1.95)> N (1.91)> C (1.89)> Rs (1.78)> Lm (1.77)> Ws > T10 (1.42) .The spatial distribution patterns of Rs are consistent with the spatial distribution patterns of T10, Lm, C and N, but different from the spatial distribution patterns of Ws and C / N ratios. Under the same confidence level and estimation accuracy, The number of samples necessary for soil indicators varies, depending on the degree of spatial variability of the indicator.