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高聚物拉伸取向时聚集态结构的研究不但对于了解晶体生长和转变的微观过程有理论意义,而且对于生产工艺也有实际意义。迄今为止,文献报道多数是研究单轴拉伸高聚物稀溶液条件下结晶的形态结构,而对双轴拉伸高聚物形态结构的研究报道很少,直接观察聚集态结构尤为少见。本文用透射电镜,超薄切片等方法,研究了双轴拉伸聚对苯二甲酸乙酯(PET)薄膜的形态结构。观察了球晶在双轴拉伸时的形变规律,进一步讨论了这种形变特征与单轴拉伸时的情况有本质区别,并与单轴拉伸试样作了比较。
The study of aggregate state in the stretching orientation of polymers not only has theoretical significance for understanding the microscopic process of crystal growth and transformation, but also has practical significance for the production process. Up to now, most of the literature reports the morphological structure of crystals under the condition of dilute solution of uniaxially stretched polymer. However, there are few reports on the morphological structure of biaxial stretched polymers. It is very rare to directly observe the aggregated structure. In this paper, the morphology of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and ultrathin sections. The deformation of spherulites during biaxial stretching was observed. The deformation characteristics of the spherulites were also discussed. The deformation characteristics of the spherulites were different from those under uniaxial tension and were compared with uniaxial tensile specimens.