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目的对广东省首例W135群流行性脑脊髓膜炎(简称流脑)病例的发现与处理情况进行分析。方法访视患者发病前后的相关知情人,查阅临床病历,对患者及其密切接触者进行医学观察;采集患者脑脊液、血液及患者密切接触者的咽拭子样品,采用乳胶凝集试验和荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)对患者标本进行检测。结果2007年在中山市发现1例临床流脑病例,在其脑脊液标本中分离到W135群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm),后经广东省疾病预防控制中心实验室用PCR复核,也证实为W135群Nm。在其密切接触者中未分离到相关菌株。结论该病例为广东省发现的首例W135群流脑病例,经采取包括主动搜索、主动监测、预防服药和健康教育等多项措施,未造成流行。W135群流脑病例的出现,对广东省流脑的预防控制提出了新的挑战。
Objective To analyze the discovery and treatment of the first case of W135 epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (referred to as meningitis) in Guangdong Province. Methods The patients were interviewed with relevant informants before and after the onset of disease, clinical records were reviewed, and the patients and their close contacts were observed by medical observation. Throat swab samples from patients with cerebrospinal fluid, blood and close contacts were collected and analyzed by latex agglutination test and quantitative fluorescence polymerization Enzyme-linked reaction (PCR) to test the patient specimens. Results A case of clinical meningitis was found in Zhongshan City in 2007. Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) group W135 was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid samples. After PCR test in the laboratory of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, it was also confirmed as W135 Group Nm. In its close contacts did not isolate the relevant strains. Conclusions This case was the first case of W135 hermaphroditism discovered in Guangdong Province. It did not cause any epidemic after many measures including active search, active monitoring, preventive medication and health education were taken. The emergence of the W135 group of meningitis has presented new challenges to the prevention and control of meningitis in Guangdong Province.