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一、前言 橡胶坝是随着高分子合成材料的发展而出现的一种坝型。它具有造价低、安装方便、坝高容易调节等一系列优点。我国从1966年以来兴建了200多座橡胶坝,发挥了工程效益并积累了许多经验。实践表明:橡胶坝抗震性好,如唐山陡河橡胶坝经受10度地震安然无恙,其原因是橡胶坝坝体为柔性薄壳结构,可承受较大的拉伸压缩;结构简单;整体性好;荷载分布均匀;不设启闸机架和工作桥等。但是,在运用中也发现一些问题,如当坝顶溢流时,橡胶坝袋产生振动会导致坝袋磨损、脱层,甚至穿孔、撕裂等事故,应引起重视。为了充分发挥橡胶坝的工程效益,防止坝袋的振动破坏,要求研究橡胶坝在溢流时的工作状态和提出减振与防振措施。 橡胶坝的振动受多种因素影响,如过坝单宽流量、下游水深、锚固形式。充胀高
First, the foreword Rubber dam is a dam with the development of polymer materials. It has the advantages of low cost, convenient installation, high dam height adjustment and a series of advantages. Since 1966, China has built more than 200 rubber dams, which have exerted project benefits and accumulated a great deal of experience. Practice shows that the rubber dam has good seismic performance. For example, the Tangshan steep rubber dam survives a 10-degree earthquake. The reason is that the rubber dam is a flexible thin shell structure that can withstand large tensile compression; the structure is simple; the integrity is good; Load distribution is uniform; there is no gate frame and work bridge and so on. However, some problems have also been found in operation. For example, when the crest of the dam overflows, the vibration of the rubber dam will cause the dam bag to wear, delaminate, and even puncture and tear, which should be paid more attention. In order to give full play to the engineering benefits of rubber dam to prevent the dam damage of dam bag, it is required to study the working status of rubber dam when it overflows and to propose the measures of reducing vibration and preventing vibration. Rubber dam vibration by a variety of factors, such as over a single dam wide flow, the downstream water depth, the anchor form. Inflated high