论文部分内容阅读
历史科学诞生于19世纪的欧洲。此间,实证主义、浪漫主义、客观主义、历史主义以及马克思主义史学流派异彩纷呈,为近代历史科学体系的形成与完善奠定了基础。近代欧洲历史科学体系的不断完善是诸多史学流派自然整合的结果。在这个过程中,各种史学流派的具体贡献不尽相同,其中浪漫主义史学扩大了历史研究的视野,客观主义史学主要奉献了取材与批判史料的方法,历史主义流派则为人们提供了一种思辨的历史认识论,马克思主义史学则因科学的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义理论最终完成了历史科学体系的自我建构。在当今全球化趋势的新形势下,面对形形色色后现代主义思潮的挑战,有必要从学术史的角度回顾史学在近代欧洲的科学化历程,捍卫历史学的科学地位。
History Science was born in the 19th century in Europe. Here, positivism, romanticism, objectivism, historicism and Marxism historiography schools are colorful, which laid the foundation for the formation and improvement of modern history and science system. The continuous improvement of modern European historical science system is the result of the natural integration of many historiography schools. In this process, the specific contributions of various schools of history are not the same, in which the romantic historiography expands the field of vision of historical research, the objectivist historiography mainly devotes methods of obtaining and criticizing historical materials, and the historicist schools provide people with a Speculative historical epistemology and Marxist historiography finally completed the self-construction of the historical scientific system due to the scientific dialectical materialism and historical materialism. Facing the challenge of all post-modernist trends of thought under the new situation of today’s globalization trend, it is necessary to review the scientific history of historiography in modern Europe and to defend the scientific status of history from the angle of academic history.